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Sichuan University (, often shortened simply to "川大" ''Chuāndà'' and shortened to "SCU" in English) is one of the universities , located in Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province, China, with a long history and many predecessors, of which the earliest one was founded in 1740 with the origin in BCE 141. It was transformed to be a modern university in 1920s and the name National Sichuan University（國立四川大學） was adopted in 1931. Sichuan University (SCU) is one of the national universities directly under the Ministry of Education (MOE). It is also one of the State 211 Project and 985 Project universities enjoying privileged construction in the Ninth Five-Year Plan period. It is ranked No. 32 among the Greater China and ranked No.301-400 among the world according to the 2014 Academic Ranking of World Universities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】script-title=zh:两岸四地大学排名 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sichuan University )〕 The president of the university is Professor Xie Heping, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. == History == The current Sichuan University is the result of mergers of former Sichuan University and the two other universities, Chengdu University of Science and Technology (CUST, ),which is under the Ministry of Education and formally called Engineering Institute of Chengdu (), a school separated from the formal National Sichuan University in the 1950's), merged in April 1994, shortly known by the name of Sichuan Union University for the new formed university, and West China University of Medical Sciences (WCUMS, ), a university under the State Ministry of Health, in September 2000.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=the history of the SCU )〕 Sichuan University is one of the earliest institutions of higher education in China, with many predecessors, and became National Sichuan University in 1931 during the period of the Republic of China governing the Mainland China. The earliest predecessor of Sichuan University is Jinjiang Shuyuan(Jinjiang Academy, 錦江書院) established in 1740 at Chengdu Fuxue (Chengdu Academy, 成都府學) which was originated in BCE 141, but presently the university officially recognizes that it was established in 1896, the year when the Sichuan Zhongxi School (literally Sichuan Chinese and Western School, 四川中西學堂) which taught both Chinese learnings and western modern learnings was officially established (while it's actually opened in the summer of 1895). In 1902, Jinjiang Shuyuan, and Zunjing Shuyuan(尊經書院) which was established in 1875, the two Chinese classical learning schools, were merged with Sichuan Zhongxi School which was established in 1896 and was a new modern type school with studies from western modern learnings, and formed Sichuan University (Sichuan Daxuetang 四川大學堂) which soon renamed Sichuan Higher School(四川高等學堂). In 1916, four years after the ROC is established, with the merger of Sichuan Higher School and Sichuan Higher Normal School which was established in 1905, National Chengdu Higher Normal School(國立成都高等師範學校) was founded, and it was later divided to form National Chengdu University(國立成都大學) in 1926 and National Chengdu Normal University(國立成都師範大學) in 1927. In 1931, by the merger of National Chengdu University, Chengdu Normal University, and the Public Sichuan University(公立四川大學) which was formed in 1927 by merger of five Sichuan provincial specialized schools, National Sichuan University(國立四川大學) was established. By 1949,National Sichuan University had developed into one of the biggest national multidisciplinary universities with 6 schools, respectively in: literature, science, engineering, agriculture, law, and teacher training. After the CPC came to power in 1949, the National Sichuan University is renamed "Sichuan University" under the order issued by the Ministry of Education of the PRC, and, then, after the nationwide "adjustment of universities and colleges" (院系調整) ,the Sichuan University become a university with majors on art and science (which is called "文理綜合性大學"). The former Chengdu University of Science and Technology was established as the Engineering Institute of Chengdu(成都工学院) in 1954 as the result of the nationwide college and department adjustment ,which was a part of formal National Sichuan University. It specialized in chemical engineering, hydroelectricity, mechanics, textiles, and light industry. Sichuan University School of Medicine was originally built as a private medical school, once known as Huaxi Xiehe College (West China Union College, ) and then West China University of Medical Science. It was established in 1910 by five Christian missionary groups from the U.S., UK and Canada, with offered courses in stomatology, biomedicine, basic medicine and clinical medicine. It has been a medical university in China that has enjoyed a good reputation abroad. Zhang Lan, social activist, educationist, and former Vice-Chairman of the Chinese Central Government, and Wu Yuzhang, revolutionary and educationist, were once the President of the university. Other notable people who studied at SCU include Marshal Zhu De, one of the founding fathers of the People's Republic of China and the People's Liberation Army, Guo Moruo, a literary expert and previous president of Chinese Academy of Science, and Ba Jin, a well-known Chinese author. During the Cultural Revolution, large numbers of students were recruited to join various Red Guard groups, many of which were headquartered in various offices and dormitories at SCU. The campus grounds and academic institutions of the University sustained heavy damage as a result of Red Guard attacks on various structures or departments seen as representing the Four Olds or those thought to contain bad or anti-revolutionary elements, such as various members of the faculty and administration. Infighting between various Red Guard factions associated with the student body compounded the damage to campus facilities throughout the more chaotic periods of the 1960s. Today, Sichuan University is the most comprehensive and largest university in Western China, and is part of Project 211. SCU grants doctorates in twelve main disciplines and 111 subordinate disciplines. It also has six professional degree programs, and has 16 disciplines for postdoctoral research. The 109 bachelor's degree programs SCU grants cover the main fields in liberal arts, sciences, engineering, medicine and agriculture. Its current student population is more than 70,000。 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sichuan University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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